Early symptoms of pertussis can mimic a common cold, with a runny nose, sneezing, mild cough, and low fever. As the illness progresses, it can cause severe coughing fits that may lead to difficulty breathing, with some patients making a distinctive “whooping” sound when inhaling after a coughing spell. If not treated with antibiotics, a person with pertussis can remain contagious for up to three weeks after the coughing starts.

While pertussis can affect anyone, it is particularly dangerous for infants under one year old, who are at risk of severe complications. Babies often contract the illness from adults or older children who may not realize they are infected.

The Shawano-Menominee Counties Health Department advises anyone experiencing the following symptoms or who has been in contact with someone diagnosed with pertussis to seek medical advice:

• Persistent cough lasting more than two weeks
• Severe coughing fits, especially those that are uncontrollable or cause gagging or vomiting
• Coughing that worsens at night
• Any respiratory symptoms after exposure to a confirmed pertussis case

Those who have been exposed to pertussis should take precautions to avoid spreading it to vulnerable individuals, such as infants, pregnant women, and people with weakened immune systems, while awaiting test results.

To help prevent the spread of pertussis, the health department recommends:

• Covering your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing, and disposing of the tissue immediately.
• Washing your hands regularly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, or using hand sanitizer if soap and water are not available.
• Contacting a healthcare provider if you suspect you’ve been exposed to pertussis.

Vaccination remains the most effective way to protect against pertussis. Residents are encouraged to verify that their vaccinations are up to date by consulting their healthcare provider or checking the Wisconsin Immunization Registry.